These remnants were discovered among the Epicurean library in the Villa of the Papyri, Herculaneum. He argues against fear of such deities by demonstrating, through observations and arguments, that the operations of the world can be accounted for in terms of natural phenomena. "[16][17] (Of note, Lucretius repeats these 25 lines, almost verbatim, in the introduction to the fourth book. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall. [49] The second of these ninth-century manuscripts is the Codex Quadratus, often called Q. Werk: philosophisches Lehrgedicht De rerum natura erstes bedeutendes und vollständig erhaltenes Lehrgedicht der römischen Antike einem Dichtermäzen namens C. Memmius gewidmet "[35], Despite his advocacy of empiricism and his many correct conjectures about atomism and the nature of the physical world, Lucretius concludes his first book stressing the absurdity of the (by then well-established) round earth theory, favor instead a flat earth cosmology. "[89], After Lactantius's time, Lucretius was almost exclusively referenced or alluded to in a negative manner by the Church Fathers. [1], Machiavelli made a copy early in his life. [24] What is more, Lucretius does not deny the existence of deities;[25][26] he simply argues that they did not create the universe, that they do not care about human affairs, and that they do not intervene in the world. [1], The Italian scholar Guido Billanovich demonstrated that Lucretius' poem was well known in its entirety by Lovato Lovati (1241–1309) and some other Paduan pre-humanists during the thirteenth century. These phenomena are the result of regular, but purposeless motions and interactions of tiny atoms in empty space. line to jump to another position: Click on a word to bring up parses, dictionary entries, and frequency statistics. Lucretius divided his argument into six "[23] Some Christian apologists viewed De rerum natura as an atheist manifesto and a dangerous foil to be thwarted. [5], The oldest purported fragments of De rerum natura were published by K. Kleve in 1989 and consist of sixteen fragments. Lukrez Herkunft und soziale Stellung sind nicht gesichert; Vermutungen, die von seinem Cognomen Carus auf eine niedrige Herkunft schließen, sind ebenso wenig zu belegen wie die Annahme, Lukrez habe der Nobilität angehört. Jahrhundert v. Chr. 9.1", "denarius"). And as a simple ceasing-to-be, death can be neither good nor bad for this being, since a dead person—being completely devoid of sensation and thought—cannot miss being alive. [101][102], "On the Nature of Things" redirects here. [10] The German classicists Ivo Bruns and Samuel Brandt set forth an alternative theory that Lucretius did at first write the poem with Memmius in mind, but that his enthusiasm for his patron cooled over time. But if they were not in the habit of swerving, they would all fall straight down through the depths of the void, like drops of rain, and no collision would occur, nor would any blow be produced among the atoms. "Prolegomena". Nevertheless, Lucretius writes as a complete Epicurean,offering his reader not just cosmological understanding but the fullrecipe for happiness. [68] (Coincidentally, De rerum natura and the Astronomica were both rediscovered by Poggio Bracciolini in the early 15th century. Lukrez gilt aus heutiger Sicht als einer der größten römischen Dichter. [98][99][100] The book was well-received, and later earned the 2012 Pulitzer Prize for General Non-Fiction and the 2011 National Book Award for Nonfiction. [48] O is currently housed at Leiden University. For the documentary television series, see, Lucretius was quoted by several early Christian writers, including, List of English translations of De rerum natura, "Hortus Apertus – La fortuna – Dante e Lucrezio", "Gian Francesco Poggio Bracciolini" (2013), "The 2012 Pulitzer Prize Winners: General Nonfiction", "2011 National Book Award Winner, Nonfiction", "An Unearthed Treasure That Changed Things", "The Answer Man: An Ancient Poem Was Rediscovered—and the World Swerved", "Book review: 'The Swerve: How the World Became Modern, Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=De_rerum_natura&oldid=993308149, Pages using multiple image with auto scaled images, Articles with Latin-language sources (la), Wikipedia articles with SUDOC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WorldCat-VIAF identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 9 December 2020, at 23:10. DE RERVM NATVRA LIBRI SEX. [22], After the poem was rediscovered and made its rounds across Europe and beyond, numerous thinkers began to see Lucretius's Epicureanism as a "threat synonymous with atheism. Lukrez: Von der Natur der Dinge, 1. Click anywhere in the In the work, Greenblatt argues that Poggio Bracciolini's discovery of De rerum natura reintroduced important ideas that sparked the modern age. [3], The fourth book is devoted to the theory of the senses, sight, hearing, taste, smell, of sleep and of dreams, ending with a disquisition upon love and sex. [93] His Essays contain almost a hundred quotes from De rerum natura. [50] Today, Q is also housed at Leiden University. [3] Lucretius identifies the supernatural with the notion that the deities created our world or interfere with its operations in some way. Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 United States License. Lucretius's task was to clearly state and fully develop these views in an attractive form; his work was an attempt to show through poetry that everything in nature can be explained by natural laws, without the need for the intervention of divine beings. [58] This is because De rerum natura was rediscovered in January 1417 by Poggio Bracciolini, who probably found the poem in the Benedictine library at Fulda. [66] What is more, Manilius also seems to suggest throughout this poem that his work is superior to that of Lucretius's. Molière produced a verse translation which does not survive; John Evelyn translated the first book. Lukrez, De rerum natura Titus Lucretius Carus: kaum verlässliche Informationen über die Vita von Lukrez Lebensdaten vielleicht 97–55 v. Chr. Hutchinson, Lucy (geb. contemplator enim, cum solis lumina cumque inserti fundunt radii per opaca domorum: 1620, gest. Rom Der lateinische Autor Lukrez und sein grandioses Weltgedicht: „De rerum natura“ erklärt die Natur und die Schönheit des Lebens, doch auch die … [42] If this were the case, then it might explain how Cicero came to be familiar with Lucretius's work. [46], Copies of the poem were preserved in a number of medieval libraries, with the earliest extant manuscripts dating to the ninth century. "[5], Lucretius maintained that he could free humankind from fear of the deities by demonstrating that all things occur by natural causes without any intervention by the deities. [71][72] David Butterfield also writes that "clear echoes and/or responses" to De rerum natura can be detected in the works of the Roman elegiac poets Catullus, Propertius, and Tibullus, as well as the lyric poet Horace. (3). A History of Western Science. Die Annäherung der Künstler erfolgte über ausgewählte Textstellen, die zu einer bildlichen Darstellung animierten. An XML version of this text is available for download, with the additional restriction that you offer Perseus any modifications you make. To do this, Epicurus invoked the atomism of Democritus to demonstrate that the material universe was formed not by a Supreme Being, but by the mixing of elemental particles that had existed from all eternity governed by certain simple laws. Volltext Philosophie: Lukrez: Über die Natur der Dinge. Sein wahrscheinlich unvollendetes Werk De rerum natura ist eine der Hauptquellen zur Philosophie Epikurs, die ansonsten nur in Fragmenten überliefert ist. [11][12] Stearns suggests that this is because Memmius reneged on a promise to pay for a new school to be built on the site of the old Epicurean school. To the Greek philosopher Epicurus, the unhappiness and degradation of humans arose largely from the dread which they entertained of the power of the deities, from terror of their wrath. In both this work, and as well as his more well-known Etymologiae (c. AD 600–625), Isidore liberally quotes from Lucretius a total of twelve times, drawing verses from all of Lucretius's books except his third. De rerum natura 1. Der Menschheit wurde damit sowohl ein strahlendes Stück Poesie als auch ein Zeugnis davon erhalten, zu welchen geistigen Höhenflügen griechische Philosophen und Wissenschaftler lange vor … Your current position in the text is marked in blue. "[46] However, Kleve contends that four of the six books are represented in the fragments, which he argues is reason to assume that the entire poem was at one time kept in the library. Umfassender Kommentar von Cyril Bailey), Oxford University Press 1947. [55][56], While there exist a handful of references to Lucretius in Romance and Germanic sources dating between the ninth and fifteenth centuries (references that, according to Ada Palmer, "indicate a tenacious, if spotty knowledge of the poet and some knowledge of [his] poem"), no manuscripts of De rerum natura currently survive from this span of time. [6] The choice to address Venus may have been due to Empedocles's belief that Aphrodite represents "the great creative force in the cosmos". • Alioto, Anthony M. (1987). Übersetzungen › Lukrez › De rerum natura (V) (7) › 348. [7], After the opening, the poem commences with an enunciation of the proposition on the nature and being of the deities, which leads to an invective against the evils of superstition. Lucretius attempts to allow for free will in his physicalistic universe by postulating an indeterministic tendency for atoms to veer randomly (Latin: clinamen, literally "the turning aside of a thing", but often translated as "the swerve"). Your current position in the text is marked in blue. I have translated from my own text published in the Bibliotheca Oxoniensi. 1681) De Rerum Natura. Since that nothingness (which he likens to a deep, peaceful sleep) caused us no pain or discomfort, we should not fear the same nothingness that will follow our own demise:[5], According to the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, Lucretius sees those who fear death as embracing the fallacious assumption that they will be present in some sense "to regret and bewail [their] own non-existence. [13] Memmius was also a tribune in 66, praetor in 58, governor of Bithynia in 57, and was a candidate for the consulship in 54 but was disqualified for bribery, and Stearns suggests that the warm relationship between patron and client may have cooled (sed tua me virtus tamen et sperata voluptas / suavis amicitiae quemvis efferre laborem, "But still your merit, and as I hope, the joy / Of our sweet friendship, urge me to any toil"). [88] The Early Christian apologist Lactantius, in particular, heavily cites and critiques Lucretius in his The Divine Institutes and its Epitome, as well as his De ira Dei. [4][5] By recalling the opening to poems by Homer, Ennius, and Hesiod (all of which begin with an invocation to the Muses), the proem to De rerum natura conforms to epic convention. [73], In regards to prose writers, a number either quote from Lucretius's poem or express great admiration for De rerum natura, including: Vitruvius (in De Architectura),[74][75] Marcus Velleius Paterculus (in the Historiae Romanae),[75][76] Quintilian (in the Institutio Oratoria),[71][77] Tacitus (in the Dialogus de oratoribus),[71][78] Marcus Cornelius Fronto (in De eloquentia),[79][80] Cornelius Nepos (in the Life Of Atticus),[75][81] Apuleius (in De Deo Socratis),[82][83] and Gaius Julius Hyginus (in the Fabulae). De rerum natura De rerum natura (deutsch Über die Natur der Dinge oder Vom Wesen des Weltalls) ist ein aus dem 1. Lucretius then dedicates time to exploring the axiom that nothing can be produced from nothing, and that nothing can be reduced to nothing (Nil fieri ex nihilo, in nihilum nil posse reverti). De Rerum Natura or because all that does come goes back, in some way repulsed before we can perceive what harm it does, [experience manifestly shows that this cannot be true.] The title of Lucretius’s work translates that of the chief work of Epicurus, Peri physeōs (On Nature). stammendes Lehrgedicht des römischen Dichters, Philosophen und Epikureers Titus Lucretius Carus, genannt Lukrez.Die Hommage an Epikur handelt von der Stellung des Menschen in einem von den Göttern nicht beeinflussten Universum. Perseus provides credit for all accepted changes, storing new additions in a versioning system. Berlin 1957, S. 168.: 5. This wrath was supposed to be displayed by the misfortunes inflicted in this life and by the everlasting tortures that were the lot of the guilty in a future state (or, where these feelings were not strongly developed, from a vague dread of gloom and misery after death). quae quoniam rerum naturam sola gubernas nec sine te quicquam dias in luminis oras exoritur neque fit laetum neque amabile quicquam, te sociam studeo scribendis versibus esse, quos ego de rerum natura pangere conor 25 Memmiadae nostro, quem tu, dea, tempore in … Mit einer Einführung und Erläuterungen von Ernst Günther Schmidt, München 1991 – Lukrez: De rerum natura. Buch - deutsch : 1. Jump to navigation Jump to search

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